{"id":68849,"date":"2026-10-05T15:32:45","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T13:32:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.accuracy.com\/?p=68849"},"modified":"2026-10-06T16:37:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T14:37:36","slug":"le-nouveau-nucleaire-en-tant-que-choix-technologique-constitue-une-industrie-de-plateforme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.accuracy.com\/fr\/le-nouveau-nucleaire-du-choix-technologique-a-une-industrie-de-plateforme\/","title":{"rendered":"Le nouveau nucl\u00e9aire : du choix technologique \u00e0 une industrie de plateforme"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"68849\" class=\"elementor elementor-68849\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75b3184 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"75b3184\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9327d57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9327d57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le nucl\u00e9aire entre dans une nouvelle phase de d\u00e9veloppement. Alors que le d\u00e9bat s\u2019est concentr\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es sur la conception de nouveaux r\u00e9acteurs, les \u00e9volutions r\u00e9centes laissent penser que <strong>La v\u00e9ritable concurrence porte d\u00e9sormais sur la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 financer et \u00e0 industrialiser ces technologies \u00e0 un co\u00fbt comp\u00e9titif.<\/strong><\/p><p>Le retour du nucl\u00e9aire se traduit donc d\u00e9sormais par l\u2019\u00e9mergence de nouveaux m\u00e9canismes de financement et le retour d\u2019investisseurs priv\u00e9s aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s des \u00c9tats. Les annonces concernant le financement de <strong>Sizewell C<\/strong> au Royaume-Uni, l'organisation du <strong>programme EPR2<\/strong> en France, les succ\u00e8s commerciaux de <strong>Rolls-Royce SMR<\/strong> au Royaume-Uni, en R\u00e9publique tch\u00e8que et d\u00e9sormais en Su\u00e8de, ainsi que les lev\u00e9es de fonds successives men\u00e9es par des d\u00e9veloppeurs tels que <strong>X-energy<\/strong>, <strong>Newcleo<\/strong> ou <strong>Proxima Fusion<\/strong> t\u00e9moignent de cette profonde mutation.<\/p><p>En ce qui concerne les r\u00e9acteurs de grande puissance, les strat\u00e9gies s'orientent vers une logique de <strong>flotte<\/strong>. Le <strong>programme EPR2<\/strong> cherche \u00e0 recr\u00e9er des effets de s\u00e9rie gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la standardisation des \u00e9quipements, \u00e0 la reconstitution d\u2019une continuit\u00e9 industrielle et \u00e0 une meilleure visibilit\u00e9 sur les revenus futurs. Au Royaume-Uni, <strong>Sizewell C<\/strong> marque une transformation tout aussi importante : l\u2019innovation ne r\u00e9side pas dans le r\u00e9acteur \u2013 qui est identique \u00e0 celui de Hinkley Point C \u2013 mais dans son financement. L\u2019adoption du m\u00e9canisme de financement <strong>RAB<\/strong> (Base d'actifs r\u00e9glement\u00e9e) vise \u00e0 r\u00e9duire le co\u00fbt du capital en r\u00e9partissant plus efficacement les risques entre l'\u00c9tat, les consommateurs et les investisseurs priv\u00e9s, ouvrant ainsi la voie \u00e0 une nouvelle cat\u00e9gorie d'investisseurs \u00e0 long terme.<\/p><p>Les technologies des r\u00e9acteurs innovants et de taille plus modeste \u2013 <strong>SMR<\/strong> et <strong>AMR<\/strong> \u2013 suivent une trajectoire qui converge vers les r\u00e9acteurs de grande puissance. Apr\u00e8s une premi\u00e8re phase ax\u00e9e sur la d\u00e9monstration technologique, les r\u00e9centes lev\u00e9es de fonds montrent que les investisseurs financent d\u00e9sormais des <strong>pistes d'industrialisation<\/strong> permettant de d\u00e9ployer des flottes plut\u00f4t que de simples prototypes. Les entreprises capables de nouer des partenariats industriels, de trouver des d\u00e9bouch\u00e9s commerciaux et d\u2019obtenir des financements \u00e0 long terme prennent ainsi progressivement l\u2019avantage. L\u2019arriv\u00e9e de nouveaux acheteurs d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 \u00e0 faible empreinte carbone, en particulier les grands acteurs du num\u00e9rique confront\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019explosion des besoins des centres de donn\u00e9es, pourrait \u00e9galement acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer cette transition en apportant des <strong>PPA<\/strong> (contrats \u00e0 long terme) permettant de garantir les revenus des premiers projets.<\/p><p>Cette \u00e9volution modifie profond\u00e9ment les facteurs de comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 du secteur. Si les performances d\u2019un r\u00e9acteur restent essentielles, elles ne constituent plus, \u00e0 elles seules, un avantage d\u00e9cisif. La capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 <strong>reproduire un motif, <\/strong>\u00e0 <strong>harmoniser les \u00e9quipements, <\/strong>\u00e0 <strong>assurer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du combustible, <\/strong>\u00e0 <strong>mettre en place une cha\u00eene d'approvisionnement solide, <\/strong>\u00e0 <strong>attirer des capitaux abondants et \u00e0 faible co\u00fbt<\/strong>, puis le d\u00e9ploiement d'une flotte de r\u00e9acteurs devient tout aussi d\u00e9terminant.<\/p><p>Verser <strong>l\u2019Europe<\/strong>, l\u2019enjeu d\u00e9passe donc le simple choix entre les diff\u00e9rentes technologies. Le continent dispose en effet d\u2019une base industrielle reconnue, d\u2019une expertise incontestable en mati\u00e8re d\u2019exploitation des centrales nucl\u00e9aires et du cycle du combustible. En revanche, il <strong>ne dispose pas encore d\u2019un march\u00e9 des capitaux aussi d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 que celui des \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/strong> La cr\u00e9ation du Scaleup Europe Fund constitue donc un premier signe encourageant, tout comme, en France, le programme France 2030. Ces dispositifs r\u00e9pondent toutefois principalement aux besoins de financement de l\u2019innovation, <strong>Le financement du passage du d\u00e9monstrateur aux premi\u00e8res unit\u00e9s commerciales reste encore en grande partie \u00e0 mettre en place.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>C'est probablement \u00e0 ce stade que se jouera la concr\u00e9tisation du retour du nucl\u00e9aire europ\u00e9en.<\/strong> Le d\u00e9fi aujourd\u2019hui consiste \u00e0 cr\u00e9er les conditions permettant aux projets les plus cr\u00e9dibles de se d\u00e9velopper \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle, \u00e0 savoir : obtenir les premi\u00e8res commandes, financer les projets \u00ab FOAK \u00bb, puis permettre le remplacement progressif des capitaux publics et des fonds propres par la dette et les investisseurs dans les infrastructures. <strong>Sans cette continuit\u00e9 de financement, l\u2019Europe risque de disposer des technologies sans disposer des plateformes n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 leur industrialisation.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3ca20d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d3ca20d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63ec5da elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"63ec5da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcd86d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"fcd86d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.accuracy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Accuracy-Analysis-Le-nouveau-nucleaire_FR.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-arrow-alt-circle-down\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm0 448c-110.5 0-200-89.5-200-200S145.5 56 256 56s200 89.5 200 200-89.5 200-200 200zm-32-316v116h-67c-10.7 0-16 12.9-8.5 20.5l99 99c4.7 4.7 12.3 4.7 17 0l99-99c7.6-7.6 2.2-20.5-8.5-20.5h-67V140c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le PDF<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba51616 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"ba51616\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25bb31f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25bb31f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c5b4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76c5b4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.accuracy.com\/fr\/equipe\/rene-pigot\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ren\u00e9 Pigot<\/a> \u2013 Associ\u00e9, Accuracy<br \/><\/strong>Le nouveau nucl\u00e9aire : du choix technologique \u00e0 une industrie de plateforme <\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d22900 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1d22900\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le nucl\u00e9aire entre dans une nouvelle phase de d\u00e9veloppement. Alors que le d\u00e9bat s\u2019est concentr\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es sur la conception de nouveaux r\u00e9acteurs, les r\u00e9centes \u00e9volutions sugg\u00e8rent que la v\u00e9ritable comp\u00e9tition se d\u00e9place d\u00e9sormais vers la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 financer et industrialiser ces technologies \u00e0 un co\u00fbt comp\u00e9titif. Le retour du nucl\u00e9aire se traduit ainsi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":68691,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[113,58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-france","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le nouveau nucl\u00e9aire\u00a0: du choix technologique \u00e0 une industrie de plateforme - Accuracy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le nucl\u00e9aire entre dans une nouvelle phase de d\u00e9veloppement. 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